{"id":33399,"date":"2017-06-07T12:48:08","date_gmt":"2017-06-07T10:48:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/?page_id=33399\/"},"modified":"2024-07-12T09:43:44","modified_gmt":"2024-07-12T07:43:44","slug":"korunovacne-slavnosti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/korunovacie\/korunovacne-slavnosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Korunova\u010dn\u00e9 sl\u00e1vnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pri korunovan\u00ed kr\u00e1\u013eov bol stanoven\u00fd presn\u00fd priebeh ceremoni\u00e1lu schv\u00e1len\u00fd korunova\u010dn\u00fdm snemom<\/strong>, bola ur\u010den\u00e1 presn\u00e1 trasa, po ktorej sa pres\u00faval korunova\u010dn\u00fd sprievod na miesta jednotliv\u00fdch f\u00e1z korunova\u010dnej sl\u00e1vnosti. Bud\u00faci panovn\u00edk vstupoval do mesta oby\u010dajne tou istou br\u00e1nou a pohyboval sa\u00a0 po stop\u00e1ch svojich predchodcov.<\/p>\n

Panovn\u00edk pred korunov\u00e1ciou prich\u00e1dzal na \u00fazemie mesta po moste cez Dunaj, ktor\u00fd st\u00e1l na \u010dlnoch alebo pont\u00f3noch, v\u00edtali ho fanf\u00e1rami a \u010destn\u00fdmi salvami z diel.\u00a0 Ubytoval sa na hrade alebo v\u00a0rezidencii arcibiskupa v\u00a0meste na dne\u0161nom Primaci\u00e1lnom n\u00e1mest\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Obrad korunov\u00e1cie<\/h3>\n

Konal sa v D\u00f3me sv. Martina, kam sa bud\u00faci panovn\u00edk dostal z hradu alebo z arcibiskupsk\u00e9ho pal\u00e1ca na koni \u010di na ko\u010di. Do chr\u00e1mu sa vch\u00e1dzalo ju\u017en\u00fdm vchodom a sprievod s korunovan\u00fdm kr\u00e1\u013eom opustil korunova\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f3m severnou br\u00e1nou. V sl\u00e1vnostne vyzdobenom d\u00f3me v\u00edtali kr\u00e1\u013ea cirkevn\u00ed a svetsk\u00ed hodnost\u00e1ri. Pre \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov korunova\u010dn\u00e9ho obradu, ktor\u00fd trval nieko\u013eko hod\u00edn, sa zria\u010fovali l\u00f3\u017ee a stavali stup\u0148ovit\u00e9 trib\u00fany priamo v d\u00f3me. Korunova\u010dn\u00fd obrad sa konal v r\u00e1mci pontifik\u00e1lnej om\u0161e. Uhorsk\u00fa sv\u00e4to\u0161tefansk\u00fa kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fa korunu na hlavu nov\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013ea polo\u017eil najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cirkevn\u00fd hodnost\u00e1r zastupuj\u00faci p\u00e1pe\u017ea, pr\u00edmas \u2013 ostrihomsk\u00fd arcibiskup.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do pravej ruky dostal kr\u00e1\u013e \u017eezlo a do \u013eavej krajinsk\u00e9 jablko.<\/strong> Pr\u00edtomn\u00ed po palat\u00ednovi trikr\u00e1t opakovali zvolanie \u201eVivat Rex!\u201c Nech \u017eije kr\u00e1\u013e!<\/strong> Nasledovala hymna Te Deum a pokra\u010dovanie om\u0161e. Pri korunov\u00e1cii kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fdch man\u017eeliek uhorsk\u00fa korunu podr\u017eali nad prav\u00fdm plecom kr\u00e1\u013eovnej, aby st\u00e1la po boku svojho man\u017eela a pom\u00e1hala nies\u0165 bremeno kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed. Kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9 man\u017eelky nekorunoval ostrihomsk\u00fd arcibiskup, ale veszpr\u00e9msky. Pri tomto obrade sa pou\u017e\u00edvala na tento \u00fa\u010del vyroben\u00e1 koruna habsburgovcov, nie sv\u00e4to\u0161tefansk\u00e1 a nedost\u00e1vali ani me\u010d, \u017eezlo a krajinsk\u00e9 jablko.<\/p>\n

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Korunova\u010dn\u00fd sprievod<\/h3>\n

Z d\u00f3mu sa novozvolen\u00fd panovn\u00edk vydal s korunova\u010dn\u00fdm sprievodom cez mesto. Na \u010dele sprievodu za kr\u00ed\u017eom kr\u00e1\u010dali k\u0148azi a za nimi magn\u00e1ti, ktor\u00ed niesli z\u00e1stavy kraj\u00edn patriacich k Uhorsku. Cesta z korunova\u010dn\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu ku kl\u00e1\u0161toru franti\u0161k\u00e1nov bola pokryt\u00e1 \u010derven\u00fdm alebo trojfarebn\u00fdm pl\u00e1tnom v uhorsk\u00fdch farb\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 si po prechode sprievodu roztrhalo obyvate\u013estvo mesta na kusy<\/strong>. Cestou do franti\u0161k\u00e1nskeho kostola sprievod pre\u0161iel po n\u00e1mest\u00ed pred radnicou popri font\u00e1ne so sochou Maximili\u00e1na, prv\u00e9ho uhorsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013ea korunovan\u00e9ho v Pre\u0161porku. Sprievod korunovanej M\u00e1rie Ter\u00e9zie bol jedin\u00fd, ktor\u00fd sa zastavil aj pri mramorovom st\u013ape so sochou Panny M\u00e1rie pred kostolom jezuitov, aby sa kr\u00e1\u013eovn\u00e1 poklonila svojej patr\u00f3nke.<\/p>\n

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Pasovanie rytierov<\/h3>\n

Vo franti\u0161k\u00e1nskom kostole bolo prichystan\u00e9 p\u00f3dium s\u00a0baldach\u00fdnom, na ktorom st\u00e1l tr\u00f3n pre kr\u00e1\u013ea. Z\u00a0toho miesta kr\u00e1\u013e pasoval korunova\u010dn\u00fdm me\u010dom vybran\u00fdch mu\u017eov za rytierov Zlatej ostrohy za vern\u00e9 slu\u017eby panovn\u00edkovi.<\/strong> Rytieri mohli potom nosi\u0165 zlat\u00e9 alebo pozl\u00e1ten\u00e9 ostrohy, \u0161ab\u013eu a\u00a0konsk\u00fd postroj. Po skon\u010den\u00ed obradu sprievod s\u00a0panovn\u00edkom na koni (M\u00e1ria Ter\u00e9zia v ko\u010di) pre\u0161iel \u00fazkou Bielou uli\u010dkou lemovanou budovami s\u00a0bielymi fas\u00e1dami.<\/p>\n

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Sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e1 pr\u00edsaha<\/h3>\n

Cez Michalsk\u00fa br\u00e1nu cez kamenn\u00fd most ponad priekopu opustili \u00fazemie stredovek\u00e9ho mesta a\u00a0zastavili sa na vo\u013enom priestranstve oproti mestsk\u00fdm hradb\u00e1m, kde bola pripraven\u00e1 dreven\u00e1 trib\u00fana potiahnut\u00e1 \u010derven\u00fdm alebo trojfarebn\u00fdm s\u00faknom. Tu sa udialo \u010fal\u0161ie v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 dejstvo korunova\u010dnej sl\u00e1vnosti, kde panovn\u00edk skladal korunova\u010dn\u00fa pr\u00edsahu. Kr\u00e1\u013e nahlas opakoval text pr\u00edsahy po ostrihomskom arcibiskupovi. Kr\u00e1\u013e sa zav\u00e4zoval zachov\u00e1va\u0165 pr\u00e1va a\u00a0v\u00fdsady stavov, zachova\u0165 rozlohu krajiny, pr\u00edpadne z\u00edska\u0165 nov\u00e9 \u00fazemia alebo oslobodi\u0165 obsaden\u00e9 \u010dasti kr\u00e1\u013eovstva.<\/strong> Po zlo\u017een\u00ed pr\u00edsahy uhorsk\u00e9 stavy v\u00fdkrikmi pozdravovali svojho nov\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013ea. \u00a0Palat\u00edn tri razy za sebou zvolal \u201eVivat Rex!\u201c a\u00a0dav to zopakoval. Miesto sa dlho volalo aj N\u00e1mestie pr\u00edsahy (dnes N\u00e1mestie SNP), kde koncom 17. storo\u010dia postavili kl\u00e1\u0161tor rehole milosrdn\u00fdch bratov s\u00a0kostolom a\u00a0nemocnicou.<\/p>\n

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Korunova\u010dn\u00fd pahorok<\/h3>\n

Zav\u0155\u0161enie korunova\u010dnej cerem\u00f3nie sa\u00a0 uskuto\u010dnilo na n\u00e1bre\u017e\u00ed Dunaja (dne\u0161n\u00e9 n\u00e1mestie \u013d. \u0160t\u00fara), kam sa sprievod dostal na ko\u0148och popri mestsk\u00fdch hradb\u00e1ch. Pred sl\u00e1vnos\u0165ou sem nav\u00e1\u017eali zeminu zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u017e\u00fap uhorsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013eovstva a\u00a0vytvorili\u00a0 korunova\u010dn\u00fd kopec. Panovn\u00edk na koni vy\u0161iel cvalom na kopec a\u00a0sekol me\u010dom na \u0161tyri svetov\u00e9 strany, \u010d\u00edm symbolicky pris\u013e\u00fabil ochranu svojmu kr\u00e1\u013eovstvu pred nepriate\u013emi zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch svetov\u00fdch str\u00e1n.<\/strong> Po skon\u010den\u00ed obradu zneli\u00a0 fanf\u00e1ry, bubny, salvy a\u00a0pridali sa aj del\u00e1 z\u00a0hradu.<\/p>\n

Novozvolen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013ea \u010dakala v\u00a0sl\u00e1vnostnej sieni hradu \u00a0alebo v\u00a0Primaci\u00e1lnom pal\u00e1ci korunova\u010dn\u00e1 hostina, ale aj \u013eud v\u00a0uliciach mesta oslavoval. Po\u010das sprievodu sa rozhadzovali medzi \u013eud\u00ed peniaze a\u00a0pam\u00e4tn\u00e9 mince, na ra\u017e\u0148och sa piekli voly a\u00a0z\u00a0font\u00e1ny tieklo v\u00edno.<\/strong> Ani z\u00e1bavy nebolo n\u00fadze, odohr\u00e1vali sa rytierske turnaje a\u00a0nech\u00fdbal ani oh\u0148ostroj.<\/p>\n

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Korunova\u010dn\u00e9 ins\u00edgnie uhorsk\u00fdch kr\u00e1\u013eov<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pri korunov\u00e1cii panovn\u00edkovi sa odovzd\u00e1vaj\u00fa predmety, ktor\u00e9 symbolizuj\u00fa kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fa moc. V\u00a0Uhorsku bol kr\u00e1\u013e korunovan\u00fd sv\u00e4to\u0161tefanskou korunou<\/strong>, po\u010das obradu dostal bohato vy\u0161\u00edvan\u00fd korunova\u010dn\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, me\u010d, s ktor\u00fdm pasoval aj rytierov Zlatej ostrohy, krajinsk\u00e9 jablko<\/strong> (pozl\u00e1ten\u00e1 gu\u013ea s\u00a0dvojramenn\u00fdm kr\u00ed\u017eom) a\u00a0\u017eezlo<\/strong> (filigr\u00e1nom zdoben\u00e1 rukov\u00e4\u0165 z\u00a0pozl\u00e1ten\u00e9ho striebra s\u00a0gu\u013eou z\u00a0horsk\u00e9ho kri\u0161t\u00e1\u013eu ozdobenou\u00a0zlatou kon\u0161trukciou s retiazkami).<\/p>\n

Korunov\u00e1cii predch\u00e1dzalo zasadnutie korunova\u010dn\u00e9ho snemu, ktor\u00fd volil kr\u00e1\u013ea. Nesk\u00f4r svojho n\u00e1stupcu ur\u010dil priamo panovn\u00edk a od roku 1687 uhorsk\u00fd snem uz\u00e1konil dedi\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo Habsburgovcov na uhorsk\u00fa korunu a tr\u00f3n. Kr\u00e1\u013eom sa mal sta\u0165 v\u017edy prvoroden\u00fd syn predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho kr\u00e1\u013ea. Za vl\u00e1dy Karola III. (VI.) roz\u0161\u00edrili tento z\u00e1kon a tak v pr\u00edpade absencie mu\u017esk\u00fdch potomkov mohli korunova\u0165 aj dc\u00e9ry panovn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pozrite sa s nami bli\u017e\u0161ie na priebeh a obrady korunov\u00e1ci\u00ed, na miesta, ktor\u00fdmi prech\u00e1dzal korunova\u010dn\u00fd sprievod a za\u017eite k\u00fasok hist\u00f3rie. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":1841,"parent":33100,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/33399"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33399"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/33399\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":303030,"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/33399\/revisions\/303030"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/33100"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.visitbratislava.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}